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Damien Hirst
Damien Steven Hirst〔Nicholson, Octavia. ("Hirst, Damien (Steven)" ), Oxford Art Online (subscription). Retrieved 9 November 2008.〕 (born 7 June 1965) is an English artist, entrepreneur, and art collector. He is the most prominent〔("Glossary: Young British Artists (YBA)" ), Tate. Retrieved on 14 July 2009.〕 member of the group known as the Young British Artists (or YBAs), who dominated the art scene in the UK during the 1990s.〔("Hirst generation missing from Turner prize 2000 shortlist" ), ''The Guardian'', 14 June 2000. Retrieved 11 September 2009.〕 He is internationally renowned,〔("Great interviews of the 20th century" ), ''The Guardian'', 13 September 2007. Retrieved 11 September 2009.〕 and is reportedly the United Kingdom's richest living artist, with his wealth valued at £215m in the 2010 Sunday Times Rich List.〔Richard Brooks, "(It’s the fame I crave, says Damien Hirst )," The Times, 28 March 2010〕〔 During the 1990s his career was closely linked with the collector Charles Saatchi, but increasing frictions came to a head in 2003 and the relationship ended.〔
Death is a central theme in Hirst's works.〔("Damien Hirst (born 1965)" ), National Galleries of Scotland (click "biography"). Retrieved 22 March 2010.〕〔Brooks, Richard. ("Damien Hirst's earliest painting goes on sale" ), ''The Sunday Times'', 6 April 2008. Retrieved 22 March 2010.〕 He became famous for a series of artworks in which dead animals (including a shark, a sheep and a cow) are preserved—sometimes having been dissected—in formaldehyde. The best known of these being ''The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of Someone Living'', a tiger shark immersed in formaldehyde in a vitrine (clear display case). He has also made "spin paintings," created on a spinning circular surface, and "spot paintings", which are rows of randomly coloured circles created by his assistants.
In September 2008, he took an unprecedented move for a living artist〔Barker, Godfrey; Jury, Louise.("Even his fag ends sell as Hirst art auction hits £100 million" ), ''Evening Standard'', 16 September 2008. Retrieved on 22 July 2009.〕 by selling a complete show, ''Beautiful Inside My Head Forever'', at Sotheby's by auction and bypassing his long-standing galleries.〔 The auction exceeded all predictions, raising £111 million ($198 million), breaking the record for a one-artist auction〔 as well as Hirst's own record with £10.3 million for ''The Golden Calf'', an animal with 18-carat gold horns and hooves, preserved in formaldehyde.〔
In several instances since 1999, sources for certain of Hirst's works have been challenged and contested as plagiarised, both in written articles by journalists and artists, and, in one instance, through legal proceedings which led to an out-of-court settlement.〔Dyer, Clare. ("Hirst pays up for Hymn that wasn't his" ), ''The Guardian'', 19 May 2000. Retrieved 15 September 2010.〕
==Life and career==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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